Practical:-2 Notes on the Synthesis of p-nitro aniline (Organic Chemistry Reaction)

 In this practical, we will discuss about how to synthesize the p-nitro aniline using aniline.

The practical has been carried out through three steps.

In the first step we will synthesize acetamide which is the protecting step for the amine group and which increase the o and p directing power. In second step we perform the nitration of acetamide yields in p-nitro acetamide, In third step, we deprotect the amide yield in amine using 70% sulphuric acid and 10% sodium hydroxide.

Crystallization of Acetanilide:

Add approx. 5 drops of water to the tube and heat until the solid dissolves. Then let it cool on its own for 5 minutes before you put it an ice bath. Crystals should form. Collect the product using vacuum filtration. Scratch your solid onto a pre-weighed drying dish. leave the crystal for drying , weigh it again and calculate a percent yield.